Additive sensitivity is reported to cause a wide range of symptoms depending on the additive and the sensitivity of the individual. Most reported reactions occur after the additive is ingested. Some additives used in foods are also used in cosmetics and can cause reactions when applied directly to the skin.

Some of the most common reported reactions to food additives include:

• Skin irritations. Includes itching, hives, rashes and contact dermatitis. For instance, monosodium glutamate (MSG) is associated with a burning sensation along the back of the neck, forearms and chest.
  
  
• Headaches.
  
  
• Angioedema.
  
  
• Dizziness or lightheadedness.
  
  
• Numbness in the limbs.
  
  
• Respiratory reaction or asthmatic symptoms. Includes difficulty breathing, wheezing and shortness of breath. Tartrazine, for instance, may be able to induce serious, life-threatening asthmatic symptoms in individuals who are aspirin sensitive.
  
  
• Abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea or vomiting.
  
  
• Memory loss, depression and anxiety attacks.
  
  
• Muscle spasms.
  
  
• Anaphylactic shock. Can occur with sulfites. Without treatment, a severe reaction (anaphylaxis) may quickly progress to anaphylactic shock. Signs of anaphylaxis include shortness of breath, tightness in the chest or throat, choking and loss of consciousness. Anaphylactic shock is characterized by difficulty breathing and a dangerous drop in blood pressure.

The timing of symptoms may differ depending on the type of additive involved. People may experience a reaction immediately after the additive is consumed or symptoms may occur up to 24 hours later.

Individuals who suspect that they are sensitive or allergic to a food additive should consult an allergist/immunologist.