It is impossible to prevent all of the changes that occur to the skin as a person ages. However, older individuals can take steps to slow the pace of these changes, or to treat symptoms that result from these changes. Tips include:

• Avoid sun exposure. Sun damage (photodamage) is the leading cause of wear and tear to the skin ranging from wrinkles to skin cancer. For this reason, people should always wear sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher when outdoors, even during the winter. Protective clothing, such as wide brimmed hats, long-sleeved shirts and long pants can also help protect the body from the harmful effects of the sun. If possible, avoid exposure to the sun during the peak sun hours of 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Avoiding sun exposure is especially important for those living in warmer climates – with every four degrees of closeness to the equator, the incidence of skin cancer doubles.
  
  
• Use moisturizers and emollients. Simple, inexpensive versions of these products can be effective in restoring moisture to dry skin. Moisturizers that contain lactic acid or urea may be more effective in relieving the severe dryness associated with aging skin. These products are intended to alleviate the actual cause of dryness rather than to just treat the symptoms.
  
  
• Maintain a healthy diet and consume adequate fluids. Poor nutrition increases the risk of skin rashes, lesions and other skin changes. Foods that are recommended for good skin health include fruits, vegetables, whole grains and “good” fat, such as that found in vegetable oil, fish and nuts. Foods containing sugar, cholesterol, and sodium should be avoided or consumed in moderation. Dehydration increases the risk of injury to skin tissues. Consuming a minimum of eight 8-ounce servings of water throughout the day can help prevent the body from dehydrating.
  
  
• Talk with a physician about additional medications or treatments. The effects of skin damage can often be treated, slowed or prevented through the use of certain medications (such as tretinoin or alpha hydroxy acids) or procedures (such as cryotherapy, chemical peels, microdermabrasion, Botox, facial skin rejuvenation, soft tissue augmentation, laser resurfacing and blepharoplasty).

• Annual examination. A thorough examination of the skin by a physician every year will help to monitor skin condition and any changes that occur. Individuals should also perform self-examinations of their skin and consult a dermatologist when any unusual changes are found. This may include new skin markings (e.g., blemishes, colorations, bumps, moles) or changes in existing markings (e.g., size, texture, color, shape). Lesions that bleed or do not heal are also cause for concern.