Anti-inflammatory drugs are used to reduce inflammation in the body. These drugs are available in many different varieties. Many anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat conditions associated with chronic pain, although some are used to treat digestive diseases. In addition, certain anti-inflammatory drugs may reduce the risk of developing colorectal cancer.

The major classes of anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat digestive disorders include:

• Aminosalicylates. Anti-inflammatory agents in which a substance is bonded to an aspirin-like compound known as 5-aminosalicylate (5-ASA).
  
  
• Corticosteroids. Drugs that work by mimicking the hormone cortisol, which the body naturally produces to protect against illness.
  
  
• Immunomodulators. Drugs that reduce inflammation by suppressing the immune-system response, thus hindering inflammation.

One of the main digestive disorders treated with anti-inflammatory drugs is inflammatory bowel disease.

Anti-inflammatory drugs are delivered in a variety of forms including regular tablet, delayed-release tablet, extended-release tablet, buffered tablet, liquid, suppository, enema, topical cream and injection. They are available both over the counter and by prescription.

Potential side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs range from mild to severe. Mild side effects include stomach upset, headache and nausea and vomiting. Severe side effects include ulcers, vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds and anaphylactic shock (extreme allergic reaction). Symptoms of overdose with anti-inflammatory drugs can be similar to the medication’s side effects, but are usually more severe.

One of the major classes of anti-inflammatory medications is nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These drugs are more likely to contribute to digestive problems than to effectively treat them. Therefore, they should be used only with great caution by patients with digestive disorders.

In addition, anti-inflammatory drugs may not be recommended for certain populations, including children, seniors and pregnant women. All patients should consult their physician prior to taking these medications.