Most antibiotics are safe for use in children. Certain antibiotics are not, such as tetracycline, which has been shown to delay bone growth and discolor developing teeth. Thus, tetracycline is not recommended for use in children under age 9. Parents should consult their child’s pediatrician about the types of antibiotics that may be appropriate for their child.

Frequent or inappropriate use of antibiotics in both children and adults has made many strains of bacteria resistant to antibiotic treatment. Because children have weaker immune systems than healthy adults, the emergence of antibiotic resistance is an especially serious children’s health issue. A physician should be notified immediately if a child’s condition does not begin to improve within one to two days following treatment with antibiotics because this may indicate the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.