Women who are pregnant are generally not prescribed oral antidiabetic agents. The amount of insulin a woman needs changes during and after pregnancy, and can best be controlled through a comprehensive physician-directed plan. Options for management include meal planning, exercise and insulin injections.

Pregnant women must maintain the proper blood glucose levels, as high blood glucose (hyperglycemia) can cause birth defects or excessive weight gain in babies.  Women who are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant should inform their physician immediately.

Some antidiabetic agents pass into human breast milk. Nursing mothers should consult with a physician before taking these medicines.

Elderly patients are more vulnerable to side effects associated with some antidiabetic agents. They are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia.