When first taking antihypertensives, patients should avoid operating heavy machinery (e.g., driving) until they know how the medication will affect them. Most patients on medication to treat high blood pressure will be taking it for the rest of their lives, provided no serious side effects occur. Patients should remember that antihypertensives control high blood pressure, but do not cure it. They should also know that over time, some antihypertensive medication may no longer be effective and they may have to switch to another drug.

Patients are encouraged to continue to see their physician for regular follow-up to ensure their high blood pressure is under control, even if it appears that symptoms have been relieved. Many patients may also be asked to self-monitor their blood pressure with simple at-home equipment. This will provide information that can help the physician make treatment decisions. In addition to taking their medications as prescribed, patients may be advised to make lifestyle modifications, especially concerning diet, exercise and stress management.

Patients should inform their physician if they become sick, especially with severe vomiting or diarrhea. These conditions could cause the body to lose too much water and potassium, leading to low blood pressure (hypotension).

Exposure to heat may intensify the adverse effects of antihypertensives. Patients should drink enough liquids during exercise or in hot weather and adhere to their physician’s instructions regarding exercise, activity levels and diet.