Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the lung's airway tissues affecting an estimated 20 million Americans, including 9 million children. The lungs are inflamed even when symptoms are not present. This inflammation makes the airways even more sensitive to allergens, which are substances your body mistakenly perceives as threats.

However, attacks can occur when the body overreacts to true threats – such as the viruses that cause colds and flu. During an attack, the airways tighten and fill with mucus. This traps air within the lungs, which the body cannot expel. The wheezing characteristic of an asthma attack is actually the body trying to force air out of the lungs. Viruses can also replicate themselves more quickly within inflamed lungs, leading to further inflammation and more severe asthma attacks.

To minimize the likelihood of cold and flu season infections, take the following precautions:

• Obtain an annual flu shot
• Wash hands frequently or use hand sanitizer
• Do not share glasses, utensils and other items with those who are sick