Since it is not known why some people develop asthma and others do not, preventing the condition itself is not possible. However, there are several things that people can do to reduce the symptoms of asthma, including:

• Reducing exposure to environmental triggers, such as pollens, molds, secondhand tobacco smoke and animal dander.
  
  
• Leading a healthy lifestyle that includes proper rest, good nutrition and regular exercise.
  
  
• Taking all asthma medications as directed.
  
  
• Combating obesity. For reasons not fully understood, there appears to be a correlation between obesity and increased incidence of asthma. Obese individuals who lose weight often shed symptoms of asthma as well.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) – a condition where stomach acid backs up into the esophagus – can trigger asthma symptoms, possibly as part of a nervous–system reflex. It is most likely to occur when an individual is lying down or sleeping after a big meal.

Steps to prevent GERD include:

• Refrain from snacking for two hours before bedtime
• Take antacids
• Avoid foods that trigger heartburn
• Raise the bed so the head is higher, forcing reflux downward

Viral respiratory infections, such as colds or the flu, also can trigger asthma. To minimize the likelihood of such symptoms:

• Obtain an annual flu shot
• Wash hands frequently
• Do not share glasses, utensils and other items with those who are sick

Long-term-control medications also can help prevent asthma attacks. In addition, there are certain breathing techniques that people with asthma can learn to can minimize the impact of asthma on breathing.

Certain forms of asthma, such as exercise-induced asthma, require specialized forms of prevention. Patients should discuss specific steps for symptom prevention with their physician.