Research into the causes, diagnosis and potential treatments for atherosclerosis is ongoing. Recent findings include:

• As researchers learn more about the role of inflammation in atherosclerosis, they are working toward creating a vaccine that might regulate the body’s inflammatory response, thus reducing atherosclerosis in high-risk patients. Other studies have shown anti-inflammatory properties with a type of cholesterol-reducing drug, statins.
  
  
• A new form of scanning, called multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), has shown advantages over the traditional electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) in detecting atherosclerosis. This form of CT scanning uses multiple detectors to obtain much higher quality images than was previously possible. The newest scanners have up to 64 detectors and can detect narrowing.
  
  
• Certain foods have shown promise in slowing or reversing atherosclerosis. These include walnuts, which contain monounsaturated fats, and moderate consumption of red wine, which contains an antioxidant called resveratrol. Experts, however, do not recommend consuming red wine or any alcohol strictly for potential cardio-protective benefits because of other dangers associated with alcohol consumption.
  
  
• Fibrates, a type of cholesterol-reducing drug, have been found to significantly decrease the progression of coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Study patients were also less likely to have a heart attack or require balloon angioplasty.
  
  
• Blood pressure medications may also help to slow the process of atherosclerosis. Studies of antihypertensives showed significantly decreased signs of inflammation in the blood, suggesting that these medications may also slow down the inflammatory changes that lead to atherosclerosis.