Even before teeth appear, the infant's gums should be wiped with a damp washcloth after each feeding. This can help prevent the build-up of bacteria that can discolor primary, or baby, teeth. After teeth begin to appear, they can be brushed with a soft children’s toothbrush. The brush can be made softer by soaking it in warm water for several minutes. Gauze can be rubbed over the teeth instead of using a toothbrush. This should be done at the end of the day to help prevent tooth decay. As soon as two teeth erupt next to each other, they should be flossed at least once daily.

Initially, parents or caregivers should be cautious about using toothpaste on their child’s primary teeth. Young children (especially those under age 6) tend to swallow toothpaste rather than spit it out. Too much fluoride can disrupt the formation of enamel in permanent teeth, a problem called fluorosis, which can cause minor discoloration and surface irregularities.

Children generally do not have the dexterity needed to thoroughly brush and floss before the age of 6 or 8. While it is often a good idea to let them practice, parents or caregivers are urged to remember that children require adult assistance to make sure teeth are properly brushed. It is recommended that parents or caregivers take their child for the first visit to the dentist at about age 1.