What causes back pain?
There are many possible causes, including poor posture and emotional stress. It can be the result of an event, such as a traumatic injury, or another condition, such as arthritis, Lyme disease, lupus or polymyalgia rheumatica. The most common causes are strained muscle, herniated disc, nerve impingement and joint disease. To pinpoint the cause, a doctor will typically take a medical history, perform a physical examination and may order diagnostic tests such as an x-ray or an ultrasound.

Does back pain mean the problem is in the back?
Not necessarily. Pain experienced in the back can be caused by a problem in a nearby part of the body, such as the kidneys, intestines, ovaries or prostate gland.

Is back pain just a part of getting older?
No. Certain conditions are more common as people age, such as arthritis and herniated discs. However, not everyone will experience these problems. Plus, you can help avoid back pain by following healthy habits, such as a program of strengthening and flexibility exercises.

Does back pain usually become chronic and hard to treat?
No. Back pain often involves temporary muscle strain that soon eases. Some back conditions, though, can be challenging to resolve.

When do I need to see a doctor for back pain?
You may be able to treat mild pain at home with remedies such as heat and aspirin. However, it's a good idea to get medical help for stronger pain or for pain that lasts several days. A referral to a pain management specialist may be indicated if pain still persists.

I'm worried -- will I need surgery to relieve my back pain?
In most cases surgery is not necessary. Exercise, physical agents such as heat, physical therapy, medications and other treatments often help. In certain conditions, injection into the spine may be indicated. If surgery is indicated, your doctor will discuss the options with you.

Is there any way I can reduce my chances of back pain?
Yes. Getting regular physical activity, losing excess weight, not smoking, and practicing good posture and body mechanics (for example, bending your knees and holding objects close to your body when lifting) are all ways of keeping your back healthy.

Can smoking really contribute to back pain?
Yes. In addition to its many other threats to health, smoking reduces the amount of oxygen that reaches and nourishes spinal tissue. This impairment slows healing when there is an injury to the area.