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Bipolar Disorder: Fast Facts


Reviewed By: Steven A. King, M.D.


  • Bipolar disorder is frequently misdiagnosed (sometimes as depression) because people who are in a manic phase tend not to seek treatment.

  • When treatment is sought during a depressive episode, bipolar disorder may be confused with depression, especially if there is no history of manic episodes.

  • Diagnosis includes ruling out physical causes, such as thyroid disorders, of symptoms that may mimic bipolar disorder.

  • The diagnosis of bipolar disorder involves a mental health evaluation, including a complete history of symptoms, when they started, their duration and their severity.

  • Bipolar disorder may be difficult to diagnose in children because symptoms are often similar to those of other conditions, such as attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

  • Children with bipolar disorder often do not fully meet established criteria.

  • Although there is no known cure for bipolar disorder, it is among the most treatable of mental illnesses.

  • There is no known way to prevent bipolar disorder itself, but individual episodes may be prevented with the use of medications.

  • Mood-stabilizing drugs are the primary medications for bipolar disorder.

  • Lithium is the most common mood stabilizer and generally the first medication used.

  • Psychotherapy is often effective in patients whose symptoms have been stabilized with medications.

  • Electroconvulsive therapy is generally considered only in severe cases or in cases where medications are not effective.

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