There is no test that can definitively diagnose burning mouth syndrome (BMS). A dentist or physician may suspect that BMS is present based on a patient’s symptoms and a lack of visible signs of irritation. Diagnosis of BMS usually begins by ruling out other conditions.

A dentist or physician will perform an examination of the mouth area and compile a thorough medical history. A physician may also perform a complete physical examination. Patients may be asked about their oral habits and oral hygiene routine.

Blood tests, such as a complete blood count and other tests designed to detect nutritional deficiencies or abnormal blood sugar levels that can cause BMS, may be ordered. Allergy testing can help determine if a patient’s reaction to foods, additives or substances in dentures is the cause of BMS.

Finally, an oral swab or biopsy can help detect conditions such as oral thrush that may be responsible for the patient’s symptoms.