There are three main types of carpal tunnel release surgery. All are usually performed as outpatient procedures under local anesthesia.

• Open release. This is the traditional surgery used to treat carpal tunnel syndrome. An incision about 2 inches long is made in the wrist, and then the carpal ligament is cut. The technique allows the surgeon a better view of the anatomy and reduces the risks of injury to adjoining structures. It may require a longer recovery time than the other types.
  
  
• Endoscopic surgery (arthroscopy). One or two small incisions are made in the wrist and palm, and a camera attached to a tube (endoscope) is inserted through the openings. This allows the surgeon to observe the structures on a screen while cutting the carpal ligament. The endoscopic procedure minimizes scarring and scar tenderness, and may allow faster recovery of physical function while minimizing postoperative discomfort.
  
  
• Small palmar incision. A single, small incision is made in the palm over the carpal ligament. This technique allows for good direct visualization of internal structure and decreases risk of injury to adjoining areas, while avoiding a longer scar at the base of the palm.
  

Each technique resolves the pressure on the median nerve that results in pain and numbness, but also has particular advantages and disadvantages. The surgeon will usually determine the most appropriate technique for the patient.