Prior to surgery, patients are encouraged to strictly follow any preparatory advice suggested by their physician. These may include dietary restrictions and temporary changes to medication regimens.

Carpal tunnel release surgery is usually an outpatient procedure performed under local anesthesia. Depending on the method used during this procedure, the surgeon makes one or two small incisions over the palm and/or wrist. The carpal ligament is located directly below the incisions, just past the wrist in the direction of the fingers. The surgeon cuts this ligament in line with the arm (longitudinally) to enlarge the carpal tunnel and release pressure on the median nerve.

Some surgeons also will surgically remove tissue surrounding the median nerve, especially in cases where the tissue is swollen or irritated.

After the surgery, the wrist typically is immobilized with a splint or heavy bandage for about a week. Patients may be allowed limited use of the wrist within a few days of surgery, but it is usually weeks or months before a physician will approve unrestricted use.

In some cases, patients will experience immediate relief of symptoms after surgery. In other cases, full recovery can take several months. Some patients will undergo occupational therapy or physical therapy to strengthen the wrist and improve function.