Although carpal tunnel release surgery provides great relief from symptoms for most patients, some will experience negative side effects. These can include infection, nerve damage, stiffness and pain at the scar site.

The majority of patients recover completely after surgery, but some patients may experience loss of strength at the wrist. Occupational therapy or physical therapy, preferably from a certified hand therapist (CHT), can often restore this strength. However, some patients may need to either adjust how they perform their job or change jobs after surgery.

Other risks include those associated with all surgery (such as bleeding or infection) or use of anesthesia (allergic reactions, breathing difficulties).

The prognosis after carpal tunnel release surgery is usually good. Most patients will experience a significant decrease in pain, tingling and numbness. However, the procedure may be less effective in those who have suffered severe damage or who have had carpal tunnel syndrome for a long period of time.

Studies have also found that people who engage in certain behaviors report a lower level of satisfaction with the results of their surgery. Activities that may reduce the effectiveness of carpal tunnel release include:

• Consuming more than two alcoholic drinks a day
• Smoking
• Being exposed to repetitive, forceful activities

Patients with poor mental or physical health prior to surgery may also experience less-than-desirable results.

Recurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome after surgical treatment is rare.