How dangerous is constipation?

In most cases, constipation is occasional and temporary and it not a cause for concern. However, frequent, chronic or severe constipation can lead to numerous complications, including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, rectal prolapse, fecal impaction and diverticular disease. These complications can also cause or worsen constipation, leading to a vicious cycle of constipation and complications.

How is constipation diagnosed?

Doctors often rely on a patient's report of symptoms in diagnosing and determining treatment for constipation. A medical history will include questions about the duration and severity of symptoms. Medications, eating habits and levels of physical activity may also be discussed. A physical examination may include a digital rectal examination. This involves use of a doctor's gloved, lubricated finger to evaluate the strength of anal sphincter, and to detect any tenderness, obstruction or blood in the area.

Most people with occasional constipation will not need extensive testing. However, testing is usually required in cases of severe or sudden constipation, when blood is found in the stool, or for older adults. Such testing is necessary to determine any possible underlying cause of the constipation.

How is uncomplicated constipation treated?

Constipation that occurs without fecal impaction and no underlying medical condition is commonly treated with an increase in fluids, fiber and exercise. If changes in diet or physical activity are not effective, laxatives may be used. People should consult with their doctor before using laxatives, which can interfere with the absorption of various medicines. In addition, overuse of laxatives can destroy the colon's natural ability to contract and lead to dependence on laxatives.