Most physicians agree that the rewards of using corticosteroids for some types of conditions often outweigh the risks. However, pregnant women should always discuss the use of corticosteroids with their physicians before using the medication.

Animal studies have demonstrated that oral and intravenous use of corticosteroids during pregnancy can cause birth defects. Using a higher dosage of corticosteroids has also been shown to cause unwanted effects during a pregnancy, including slower infant growth and problems with the adrenal glands. These problems were more likely to occur if the higher dosage was taken in the first trimester.

Breastfeeding women should exercise caution when nursing. Though most types of corticosteroids do pass into breast milk, they are generally present at such low levels that they do not affect the infant. However, the corticosteroid dexamethasone has been linked to slow growth in nursing infants when used by the mother. Breastfeeding mothers should consult their physicians before taking corticosteroids.

Nasal corticosteroids are generally considered to be safer than intravenous or oral corticosteroids. Using a nasal corticosteroid in place of an oral or intravenous corticosteroid during pregnancy is often recommended by a physician, when possible.

Studies have shown that daily use of almost all types of inhaled corticosteroid drugs while pregnant (at normal dosage) does not cause birth defects or other problems. However, testing has shown that corticosteroids can cause birth defects in animals.