Periodontal diseases are infections that occur in the gums and bones that anchor the teeth. They are more likely to occur in people with diabetes than in nondiabetics, mostly as a result of poor glucose (blood sugar) control. Periodontal diseases can lead to pain, chewing problems and bleeding. In severe cases, gum tissue and supporting bone can be destroyed, resulting in tooth loss.

Dental health is especially important for diabetic individuals because scientists have linked periodontal problems to cardiovascular disorders. Cardiovascular problems, such as heart attack and stroke, are the leading cause of death for people with diabetes.  

People with diabetes can reduce the risk of periodontal disease by managing their glucose. Diabetic patients who keep glucose under control are at no greater risk of periodontal diseases than others in the general population. Optimal glucose levels can also help people with diabetes to lower the risk of other health disorders, such as eye diseases, heart conditions and nerve damage.

Diabetic patients often find that dental infections make it more difficult to keep diabetes well-controlled. They can dramatically reduce the risk of periodontal disease by brushing and flossing regularly and scheduling dental cleanings at least every six months.