Dental pain includes pain felt in or around the teeth, gums and jaw. The pain can range from a mild, dull ache to severe and excruciating pain. The pain may come and go or be persistent. It may be aggravated by chewing or by exposure to extreme temperatures (cold or heat).

Dental pain can be caused by a wide variety of conditions and diseases. Most instances of dental pain are caused by tooth decay and gum disease. Food debris stuck between the teeth and gums also can cause pain. Jaw pain may be caused by TMJ disorder. Dental pain may also be caused by cracked teeth, teeth grinding, dry socket and an abnormal bite. Dental pain is sometimes caused by nondental conditions or diseases, including heart disease, migraines, and sinus or ear infections.

Patients experiencing dental pain should consult their dentist. The cause of the pain can usually be identified after a patient’s teeth and gums are examined and x-rays are taken. If nondental causes of dental pain are suspected, a patient may be referred to a physician or medical specialist.

Treatment of dental pain will depend on its cause. Most often it will include dental treatment that can be provided by a dentist or dental specialist – such as fillings, crowns, root canals or cleanings. Certain at-home remedies and pain medications may help reduce pain before a patient is able to see a dentist.