Before the dental restoration procedure begins, patients need to see a dentist for a dental examination to determine the type of restoration. The dentist may also evaluate the patient’s medical and dental history. Other dental procedures may be necessary before some dental restorations. For example, a root canal treatment may be required before a crown can be placed.

The general process for dental restorations is similar regardless of the type of restoration used. The differences lie in the details that occur with each step. For specific information on each procedure, see the individual patient guides for those procedures.

The tooth first has to be prepared for the restoration. After isolating the site to block moisture and contamination, any tooth decay that is present is cut away from the tooth. The enamel of the tooth generally needs to be filed down and shaped to accommodate the size of the restoration. In some cases, preparation involves air abrasion to repair cracks and prepare tooth surfaces. The amount of removed tooth structure depends on the type of restoration and the material. For example, with veneers, a small amount of enamel needs to be cut away, whereas crowns require extensive reshaping. Anesthesia may be used during this process. Topical or local anesthesia may be all that is necessary.

When necessary, the dentist will take an impression of the prepared teeth and surrounding area. The impression is sent to a dental laboratory to make the restoration. A temporary restoration is commonly used while waiting for the permanent restoration to be made.