What is diarrhea?

Diarrhea is an increase in the fluidity or volume of stool or the frequency of bowel movements. It may be mild, moderate or severe and can interfere with daily activities. The average frequency of bowel movements and firmness of stool can vary greatly from one person to the next. Thus, it is important to note any significant changes in what is normal for you. In people with diarrhea, stool can range from soft to liquid in texture, brown to clear in color, and may occur more than three times a day.

How common is diarrhea?

Millions of Americans report problems with diarrhea every year. It is estimated that the average adult experiences diarrhea about four times a year, according to the National Institutes of Health. It is difficult to identify how many people have diarrhea, because most people do not seek medical treatment for it.

What other symptoms are associated with diarrhea?

Diarrhea is a common symptom of many problems. It often appears with other symptoms, which may help doctors determine its underlying cause. For example, diarrhea due to infection may be accompanied by abdominal pain, abdominal cramping, fever and blood in the stool. Nausea and vomiting may also occur with gastrointestinal infections.

How dangerous is diarrhea?

Diarrhea is usually not a cause for concern. However, in some cases, you may pass more than a quart of stool each day. Passing large volumes of diarrhea can lead to dehydration, as the body loses significant amounts of water and salt. Dehydration can be life-threatening, especially for the very young, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems or certain medical conditions. It can be treated by drinking plenty of fluids, preferably with electrolytes.