Most children in the United States experience one or more ear infections by the time they enter school. The most common type of ear infection during childhood is otitis media (middle ear infection). Otitis media is a common problem, especially among toddlers.

Otitis media most commonly occurs after a child has had a cold or the flu. Parents should remain alert for signs of a possible ear infection during this time. Young children with limited language skills may be unable to say that they are in pain. Instead, parents may notice their child is pulling, tugging or rubbing the ear. This can be a sign of an ear infection in young children.

Ear infections occur less often as children age, although adolescents may still be at risk of contracting ear infections. They may be more likely to contract swimmer’s ear than a middle ear infection (otitis media). Spending lots of time in the water, as well as the use of irritating chemicals (e.g., hairspray, hair dye) can increase an adolescent’s risk of swimmer’s ear.  Long hair, which can prevent water from completely draining from the ear after swimming or showering, can also increase the risk of an ear infection. Finally, excessive cleaning of the ears can cause abrasion (damage the thin skin inside the ear canal) and result in infection.