The process by which patients are treated is dependent upon the type of treatment technique used. A trained healthcare professional will provide the electrical stimulation.

In general, electrodes (small, flat adhesive discs), rubber suction cups (vaso pneumatic devices) or wires are placed over the skin of the body part to be stimulated. During some techniques, devices are surgically implanted.

The electrodes or other devices are hooked up to a computer, which is programmed to deliver an appropriate amount of electricity determined by the healthcare provider. The currents move through the skin and other body parts to the muscles or nerves to be stimulated. The computer may measure the patient’s response to the electrical treatment.

Electrical therapy usually does not cause pain or discomfort. Patients may feel a mild, vibrating or tingling sensation when electricity is applied. With many treatment techniques, patients experience pain relief shortly after receiving treatment.

With most types of treatment, patients will require numerous treatment sessions over a period of time. With certain treatment techniques, the pain relief experienced is cumulative.

Some treatment techniques, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), can be administered at home by a patient who has received training. This allows the patient to alleviate pain when necessary without relying on a visit to a medical facility.