Endometrial ablation and endometrial resection are two types of surgical procedures that remove a woman’s endometrium (the lining of the uterus) through different techniques to prevent excessive bleeding during menstruation. In most cases, these procedures significantly reduce or stop blood flow.

Endometrial ablation is performed by a physician using one of several methods to destroy the lining of the uterus. It may be removed using one of the following elements:  

• Electricity
• Laser
• Heat
• Cold
• Microwaves
• Radiofrequency energy

Endometrial resection is similar to ablation as it also involves the removal of the endometrial lining. However, the physician removes the lining with an electrosurgical wire loop.

For most women, ablation and resection are effective treatments that may provide an alternative to a hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus) when the indication is due to excessive bleeding. Although the procedures do not remove the uterus, they will prevent women from having children in the future. 

Ablation and resection are not treatment options for some women, such as those who are pregnant, have endometrial cancer, have an unresolved genital or urinary tract infection or who have had a Caesarean section. In addition, they may not be used with women who have large uterine fibroids or cancer.