Exercise is a cornerstone in the management of diabetes and the prevention of diabetic complications. It can help people avoid or control type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes. For people with type 1 diabetes, exercise contributes to general health and reduces the risk of double diabetes.

Physical activity helps patients control glucose (blood sugar), blood pressure, weight and cholesterol. It assists in preventing a host of disorders including diseases of the heart, eyes, nerves and kidneys.

Patients are encouraged to meet with their physician before starting an exercise program. A medical history and physical examination help determine which types of activities are safest and most appropriate. Most recommended exercise programs for people with diabetes will include aerobic activity, strength training and stretching.

People with diabetes have different exercise considerations than nondiabetics. These include:

• Monitoring glucose before and after exercise
• Keeping water and carbohydrate-rich snacks handy
• Wearing a medical identification tag
• Heeding warning signs of low glucose (hypoglycemia)
• Adjusting insulin (if used) before and after workouts
• Taking care of the feet before, during and after exercise