Factitious disorders are often chronic, lifelong conditions that can be difficult to treat. Treatment may vary depending on the type of factitious disorder that is diagnosed. In most cases, the chief form of treatment is psychotherapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy may be used to help patients change their behavior and thought patterns.

In the case of Münchausen syndrome by proxy (MSBP), the first method of treatment is to remove the child or other person from potential harm at the hands of the patient. Then, psychotherapy may commence.

Though there is no medication used specifically to treat factitious disorders, patients may be prescribed medication to treat related disorders, such as depression or anxiety disorders.