Fragrances are found in a wide variety of different products including perfume, cologne, soap, candles, cosmetics, skin lotions and foods. The chemicals in fragrances can initiate or cause irritation or allergic reactions in sensitive people. Typical reactions to fragrances include breathing problems, asthma and contact dermatitis (an itchy and inflamed skin rash).

Reactions to fragrance may be an actual allergy, but they are usually simple irritation. It may be difficult to diagnose which is occurring. In addition, fragrances are composed of many different chemicals. This makes it difficult to identify if the sensitivity is to one particular chemical or to a combination of chemicals.

Once a person has developed fragrance irritation it is likely that the sensitivity will grow over time and with repeated exposure. Certain chemicals may be sensitizers at high levels of exposure and can result in sensitivity to the chemical at much lower levels after initial exposure.

The most effective way to prevent a reaction to fragrances in sensitive people is to avoid the offending substance. This can be challenging because manufacturers often do not list specific types and combinations of chemicals to protect their trade secrets.

People with pre-existing allergies may be prone to irritation to fragrances. Consulting a physician will help identify the type of reaction experienced and may provide information on how to relieve symptoms or avoid exposure to the product.