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Although generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) cannot be prevented, patients have several effective treatment options. In most cases, a combination of individual and/or group psychotherapy and anti-anxiety or antidepressant medications approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of GAD is the best treatment.

It is important to note that use of both antidepressants and anti-anxiety medications should be closely monitored by a physician. They may take time to become effective and the effectiveness varies by patient. A physician may have to modify the dose of a medication several times, or even change medications, before identifying the optimal one for the patient’s symptoms, while minimizing any side effects.

Patients should not stop using antidepressant or anti-anxiety medications unless under close supervision of a physician, because this may cause withdrawal symptoms. In addition, use of antidepressants may increase the risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children and adolescents, according to the FDA. However, the benefits of such medications generally outweigh the risks. 

Patients with GAD often benefit from cognitive behavior therapy, in which they learn new skills that help them react differently to situations that typically trigger anxiety. Patients also learn more about negative thought patterns that increase anxiety and ways to redirect such thinking. In addition, patients may be gradually exposed to situations that are frightening and in which they can test new coping skills. This is known as exposure therapy.

Taking time to engage in leisure and recreational activities can also help restore balance to patients’ lives, leaving them less vulnerable to stress and panic. Adhering to a healthful diet and getting plenty of rest and avoiding certain substances – such as caffeine – can reduce the likelihood of symptom flare-ups in patients with GAD.