Genetics & You

Reviewed By:
David Slotnick, M.D.

Did you ever notice how people in your family have similar features? It may be the same type of nose, same face shape or eye color. That's because some body similarities are genetic and are passed down from generation to generation. This is known as heredity.

Most people already know that eye color, skin color, height and blood type are genetic. But most don’t know that body shape may be genetic as well. You may very well have your mother’s hips or your father’s big-boned thighs.    

Some diseases may also be genetic, meaning you inherited certain genes from either your mother or father that predispose you to certain medical conditions. Some of these genes may also be influenced by environmental factors, which is called multifactorial inheritance. Scientists believe the following are some conditions that fall into this category:

• Alzheimer’s disease
• Arthritis
• Breast cancer
• Cancer
• Diabetes
• High blood pressure
• Obesity

Researchers continue to study possible genetic links to various health conditions. Recent studies conducted at the University of Florida show a possible genetic link between certain brain cells and why some people feel full faster than others after a meal. This type of research may help combat obesity in the future.  

Knowing your family health history can help you prepare for and possibly prevent certain health conditions. Sharing family medical information with your physician may help with your medical care, and can help determine whether any lifestyle changes may be necessary.

You should start by creating a family health tree. There are a wide variety of resources available to help you – many companies and Web sites offer such services. In addition, your family doctor may be able to offer guidance in creating the record.

Be sure to record the health histories of your parents, siblings, grandparents, aunts and uncles. You may also want to include your spouse and your children. Keep in mind that you are recording the health conditions of blood relatives only. For example, you would include your father’s sister (your aunt by blood) but not her husband (your uncle through marriage).  

Once you do this, provide a copy for your doctor and discuss any concerns you may have. Copies should also be given to your child’s pediatrician. When children are older, you can pass the family health tree along to them.

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