Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, a condition in which the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of a hormone called thyroxine. This causes a person’s metabolism to speed up, resulting in various health consequences.

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder, meaning the immune system mistakenly attacks the body and stimulates increased production of thyroid hormone. In addition, some people with Graves’ disease may experience a swelling of tissues behind the eyes that causes the eyes to bulge. This is known as Graves’ ophthalmopathy.

Finally, some patients with Graves’ diseases develop a reddening and swelling of the skin that affects the shins and the top of the feet. This is known as Graves’ dermopathy.

Patients with Graves’ disease may experience many of the symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including anxiety and irritability. They may have trouble sleeping and may experience fatigue and unexplained weight loss, despite eating normally.

In diagnosing Graves’ disease, a physician will review the patient’s medical history and perform a physical examination. Thyroid blood testing and other techniques may also be used. Treatments are similar to those for hyperthyroidism and may include medications or surgery.

In addition, patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy may benefit from various self-care techniques. Patients with Graves’ dermopathy may benefit from using creams designed to provide relief from their symptoms.