Patients older than age 60 may be more susceptible to the toxic effects of headache medications. For example, aspirin, ibuprofen and the other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can affect renal prostaglandins (hormone-like substances in the body that mediate a wide range of physiological functions), causing fluid retention and edema (excessive watery fluid in cells, tissues or serous cavities). This can be a significant medical problem for older people.

Older people who mix NSAIDs with alcohol consumption also are at high risk for episodes of gastric bleeding. As a result of these risks, older patients should use NSAIDs carefully and in close consultation with a physician.

Elderly patients are more likely to have increased sensitivity to the effects of acetaminophen. In addition, use of acetaminophen may be contraindicated in patients of any age who have liver disease or are taking drugs that are metabolized through the liver. Older patients should consult closely with a physician before taking acetaminophen.