Test Your Knowledge

In many cases, there is no way to prevent biological infertility. However, there are several factors that can contribute to infertility in women. Some can be prevented or treated, thereby enhancing the odds of fertilization, including:

• Weight irregularities. Excessive or deficient levels of body fat may affect ovulation.
  
  
• Environmental factors. Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and exposure to workplace hazards or toxins can reduce fertility.
  
  
• Overexertion during exercise. Women who exercise too intensely (e.g., ballet dancers, gymnasts) are at risk for having menstrual cycles that are infrequent or absent, impairing fertility.
  
  
• Limit use of medications. Use of certain medications also can interfere with fertility. Consult with a physician to determine if a medication can affect fertility. In many cases, a woman will regain her fertility once medication use is stopped.