It is extremely important to use an inhaler properly to get the full effects of the medicine it dispenses. Improper use of an inhaler can prevent an adequate amount of medicine from reaching the lungs. Improper breathing techniques can cause much of an inhaler’s medication to remain in the mouth, where it is not effective. As a result, physicians may ask patients to demonstrate their inhalation technique at each office visit. This helps the physician ensure that the patient is using the device properly.

Properly using an inhaler depends on the type being used. Breathing techniques are different for each of the two main types of inhalers:

• Metered-dose inhalers. Using a metered-dose inhaler usually requires some practice to get the timing down right. To properly use the inhaler:
  
  
• 1. Carefully read the directions of the inhaler, making sure medication is inserted into the device (if needed).
     
     
  2. Remove the cap from the inhaler.
     
     
  3. Shake the inhaler before each use and always check the mouthpiece for bits of dirt or other foreign objects.
     
     
  4. Hold the inhaler in an upright position 1 to 2 inches from the open mouth while tilting the head back slightly.
     
     
  5. Exhale fully to clear the lungs of as much air as possible.
     
     
  6. Press down on the inhaler canister firmly with the index finger while breathing in fully and slowly (for as long as it feels comfortable – at least five to 10 seconds). Hold the breath for as long as possible before exhaling.
     
     
  7. Wait 30 to 60 seconds before repeating any other doses. Make sure to stay within physician-directed limits for the number of repeated doses allowed.
     
     
  8. Replace the cap on the inhaler and rinse out the mouth with water or brush teeth thoroughly.
     
     
• Dry powder inhaler. This type of inhaler is easier to use than the metered-dose inhaler. Still, it is important to follow these guidelines for proper use:
  
  
• 1. Carefully read the directions of the inhaler, making sure a new blister packet of medication is inserted into the device (if it requires one).
     
     
  2. Be sure to note how the inhaler dispenses the medication (by puncturing the blister pack). Some types use a lever, others a trigger. Also be sure to hold the inhaler in the correct position (indicated in the instructions).
     
     
  3. Exhale deeply away from the inhaler. Never blow into the device.
     
     
  4. Place the mouthpiece of the inhaler between the lips, close the mouth tightly around the device and inhale deeply and forcefully.
     
     
  5. Wait 30 to 60 seconds before repeating any other doses. Make sure to stay within physician-directed limits for the number of repeated doses allowed.
     
     
  6. Rinse out the mouth with water or brush teeth thoroughly after each use.