The use of an inhaler may be too difficult for children and some elderly persons because of the lowered respiratory ability of these groups. While some types of dry powder inhalers require only slight inhalations to activate, others require a sharp intake of breath that not everyone can produce.

In addition, the hand-lung coordination required to use a metered-dose inhaler can be difficult for both children and the elderly. A physician can help suggest the best type of inhaler for a given individual.

Spacers make it easier for anyone with lowered respiratory function to use a metered-dose inhaler. A spacer is a holding chamber that is added to the mouthpiece of the inhaler, allowing the puff of medication to turn into a very fine mist. The finer the mist, the deeper the medication can be inhaled into the lungs. By using a spacer, children and the elderly can have an easier time inhaling medications deep into their lungs. Child-sized spacers are available.

For young children, a pediatric-spacer is available with a built-in mask that fits over the nose and mouth so the child can breathe in the medicine more easily. Another type of device uses a kind of bellows or balloon that allows children to breath in medication with several breaths and encourages them to breathe in evenly and slowly.

Children who carry their own inhalers should also be trained in how to properly use the device. Parents must make sure their child understands how an inhaler works, and under what circumstances an inhaler should be used. This information should also be communicated to school officials, daycare personnel or any other caregivers.