Frequent use of laxatives can aggravate constipation. In some cases, it may actually cause constipation. Patients who use stimulant laxatives too frequently may develop lazy bowel syndrome, in which the bowels no longer function properly without the aid of laxatives. Eventually, laxative use may cause damage to nerve cells and muscles in the colon, preventing it from contracting as it should naturally. Overuse of laxatives can also damage the intestinal tract and cause poor absorption of vitamins and other nutrients.

Minor side effects from laxatives that usually do not usually require medical attention include bloating, cramping, diarrhea, nausea, gas, increased thirst, skin irritation in the rectal area and throat irritation (for those taking oral laxatives).

More serious side effects may require medical attention. Patients should notify their physician if they experience any of the following:

• Breathing difficulties
• Intestinal blockage
• Itchiness or skin rash
• Swallowing difficulties
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Confusion
• Irregular heartbeat
• Muscle cramps
• Unusual tiredness or weakness
• Pink, red, violet or brown color in urine