Leg pain may occur anywhere from the hip to the ankle. There are many causes ranging from traumatic injury to disorders that block blood flow or damage nerves. Conditions involving the joints, such as the spine, hips and knees, may produce pain in parts of one or both legs.

The upper part of each leg (thigh) is connected to the rest of the body at the hips. The thigh includes the femur, the largest bone in the body, and its associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The femur runs from the hip to the knee. The top of the femur is ball shaped and fits into a socket located in the pelvic bone of the hip. The ball-and-socket type joint of the hip allows the leg a wide range of motion.

The bottom of the femur has a groove that accomodates the kneecap (patella). The knee provides a hinge-type joint where the leg can bend and connects the thigh to the lower part of the leg (shin). The shin contains two bones (tibia and fibula). The top of the tibia is joined by ligaments to the kneecap and femur. The bottom of the tibia and fibula connect to the ankle bone (talus) at the ankle, another hinge-type joint.

The muscles, ligaments and tendons of the leg enable it to move and provide support. Blood vessels and nerves in these tissues also stimulate movement and provide sensation. Many forms of leg pain begin with blockages or compression of blood vessels and nerves.

Older adults are more susceptible to leg pain. Bones weakened by osteoporosis, arthritic joint conditions and compromised nervous or circulatory systems all contribute to leg pain among the older adult. Leg pain at any age can cause gait disturbances.