Scientists are studying a number of areas related to lumpectomy as a form of breast cancer treatment. Areas of research have focused on advances in surgical procedures, radiation treatment following lumpectomy and methods to help prevent recurrence of the cancer. Studies related to lumpectomy treatment include:

• Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). This radiation system uses higher daily doses of radiation, shortening the treatment period from six to seven weeks to just over four. Additional research and long-term follow-up is needed to fully evaluate the effectiveness of IMRT.
  
  
• Intraoperative radiation. This method of treatment delivers a one-time dose of radiation during breast cancer surgery. It uses a probe to deliver a concentrated dose of radiation directly into the affected area during surgery. Intraoperative radiation will be further studied in clinical trials involving women with small, early-stage breast cancer tumors.
  
  
• Devices to improve treatment following lumpectomy. Scientists are examining technology that may improve treatments. One device, known as the multi-lumen radiation balloon application, is inserted into the breast that will be treated with radiation. It helps remove excess fluid from the breast and may increase the effectiveness of radiation to the tissues. The manufacturer has received approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to market the device for therapy following lumpectomy surgery for breast cancer.