Many of the neurological conditions that can cause memory loss are poorly understood and have no known prevention methods.

There are certain measures people can take to prevent head injuries, which are a common cause of memory loss. Appropriately protecting the head in different situations can be an effective way to reduce the risk of sustaining head injuries. For example, people should always wear seat belts and children should be placed in appropriate restraining devices when traveling in a car. Protective head gear should be worn during many different sports or activities. This includes contact sports such as football and hockey, as well as when riding a bicycle, horse or rollerblading.

Some studies have shown that oxidative stress, the process of cell damage by free radicals, contributes to the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, which results in memory loss. Oxidative stress may be prevented by consuming foods that are high in antioxidants (substances that prevent cellular damage in the body), including olive oil, fish and fresh fruit and vegetables. Oxidative stress may also be prevented by taking supplements of vitamins A, C and E, although a physician should always be consulted before starting to take any type of dietary supplement.

It is also becoming clear that keeping the brain healthy is helped by remaining physically and mentally active throughout life, especially in later life. Physical and mental activity may reduce the risk of memory loss as well as keep the body healthy.