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Mental illness is a term used to describe significant disturbances in thought, mood or behavior that cause patients to have trouble functioning in at least some aspects of day-to-day life. There are many formally recognized forms of mental illness. Approximately 54 million people in the United States experience some form of mental illness annually, according to the National Mental Health Association (NMHA).

Many mental illnesses are chronic. However, others are cyclical (e.g., seasonal affective disorder) or temporary (e.g., postpartum depression) in duration.

Many people have difficulties with depression, anxiety or other problems, but lack the persistent, severe symptoms that meet the diagnostic criteria for particular mental health disorders. People who have good mental health are in control of their thoughts, feelings and behaviors most of the time. They usually feel good about themselves and have strong relationships with family and friends. Such people have a strong foundation of mental health that allows them to keep problems in perspective when they occur.

In contrast, people with mental illnesses have disruptions in thoughts, feelings, moods and their ability to relate to others. They often have problems interacting with others in social settings or performing efficiently on the job or at school. Patients may find that mental illness inhibits their ability to forge strong relationships.

Today, society is more aware of the causes and costs of mental illness than ever before. As a result, people may be more willing to seek treatment for their illness. Nonetheless, many mentally ill people are unaware of their options or still feel stigmatized by their condition and are reluctant to take advantage of the help that is available to reduce their symptoms.