Researchers are presently studying a number of areas related to metastatic cancer. Scientists are focusing on the process that causes cells to break off from tumors and spread throughout the body. The areas of research include:

• Drugs. Researchers are examining a class of drugs known as bisphosphonates, which may help reduce the production of growth factors in both cancer cells and normal bone cells. These drugs are currently used to strengthen bones and help relieve bone pain. Scientists are investigating their role in lowering bone metastasis.  In addition, researchers are developing and testing new chemotherapy drugs and drug combinations for cancer treatment.
  
  
• Immunotherapy. Commonly used for metastatic melanoma, researchers are hoping to expand the use of this type of treatment for other cancers, such as lymphoma, breast and prostate cancer.
  
  
• Angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is the formation of blood vessels, which can further develop cancer cells. Researchers are examining ways to prevent angiogenesis through drugs to prevent cancer cells from receiving nourishment for growth. Several of these drugs are being tested in clinical trials and some, such as thalidomide and newer chemicals are being used clinically.
  
  
• Gene therapy. Scientists continue to study gene changes that promote the metastasis of cancer. They are developing technology to eliminate abnormal genes and place new, healthy genes inside cancer cells.