Atherosclerosis is a disease in which the arteries are hardened and narrowed, due to the gradual build-up of plaque on their inner walls.

A recent study performed by researchers from around the world suggests that early detection of some arterial plaque collections could allow physicians to treat and lessen the buildups before they rupture. Heart attack and death can result if these plaques suddenly break free into the bloodstream.

The researchers estimate that two-thirds of acute coronary events result from the rupture of coronary plaques.

The researchers used a new imaging technique on rabbit models to successfully identify and then treat threatening plaque buildups. The therapy involved the use of a new noninvasive nuclear imaging method coupled with drug therapy and diet modification.

"Given that apoptosis (cell death) contributes to plaque vulnerability, manipulation of apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaques may be of value in treating patients. Our studies offer a proof of concept for commonly employed strategies for the primary and secondary prevention of coronary events," explained Artiom Petrov, Ph.D. and co-author of the study, in a recent press release.

The results of the study were published in the December edition of the Journal of Nuclear Medicine.

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