Occupational therapy (OT) is a treatment used with individuals who have difficulty executing daily self-care, work, school and leisure activities. The difficulties may be due to pain, injury or illness, developmental or learning disabilities, psychosocial dysfunctions or age.

Occupational therapy is used to treat a variety of painful conditions (e.g., workplace injuries, chronic pain). It may be performed by a registered occupational therapist (OTR) or by a certified occupational therapy assistant (COTA) under the supervision of an OTR. The therapy can be provided in a wide variety of settings, such as hospitals, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, schools and in a patient’s home.

An occupational therapist focuses on developing a patient’s ability to complete activities of daily living (ADLs). A number of treatment methods may be used in OT to develop strength, mobility and independence in ADLs, including:

• Exercises
• Activities for balance and dexterity
• Instruction in posture and ergonomics
• Compensatory strategies
• Assistive devices
• Modalities such as heat, cold or ultrasound therapy

Some occupational therapists specialize in certain areas, such as stroke rehabilitation or hand therapy (e.g., treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome). OT may be performed in conjunction with other forms of medical treatment (e.g., physical therapy, speech therapy) when appropriate.