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Opioids

Also called: Opioid Agonists, Opioid Analgesics, Opioid Antagonists, Opium Agents

- Summary
- About opioids
- Types and differences
- Conditions treated
- Conditions of concern
- Potential side effects
- Drug or other interactions
- Pregnancy use issues
- Child use issues
- Elderly use issues
- Questions for your doctor

Reviewed By:
Steven A. King, M.D.
Vikas Garg, M.D., MSA

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Drug or other interactions with opioids

Patients should consult their physician before taking any additional prescriptions, over–the–counter medications, nutritional supplements or herbal medications. Of particular concern are drugs and substances that can severely reduce respiration when combined with opioids. These substances include:

Alcohol
Antihistamines
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines

Pregnancy use issues with opioids

Opioids are known to prolong labor and may cross the placenta. However, there is not enough evidence that shows that use of opioids during pregnancy leads to birth defects. Mothers who use opioids at excessive levels may create physical dependency in their unborn child, leading to withdrawal symptoms once the child is born.

Opioids do pass into breast milk. However, experts consider the use of many opioids to be safe during breastfeeding.

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Review Date: 01-26-2007

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