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Pseudogout is a form of arthritis characterized by deposits of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals in a joint. People with pseudogout, also known as chondrocalcinosis or calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, experience painful arthritic attacks in their joints, usually in the knee. It is most common in older people.

The exact cause of pseudogout and CPPD deposits is unknown. CPPD deposits may be linked to other disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Heredity and joint trauma may also play a role in the development of pseudogout. Nevertheless, no definitive cause has been established.

Gout and pseudogout have similar symptoms and are often confused with one another. The two main differences are the chemical compositions of crystal deposits and the areas of the body affected. Crystal deposits associated with pseudogout are composed largely of calcium, whereas gout crystals are made of uric acid. Furthermore, pseudogout is most common in the knees, but gout typically affects joints of the toes and feet.

There is no known way to prevent CPPD deposits and pseudogout. Nor is there a way to permanently remove the deposits from affected joints. However, treatment methods such as anti-inflammatory drugs and arthrocentesis are often effective in minimizing or eliminating pain in sudden attacks and reducing the frequency of new ones. Other treatment methods include surgery and immobilization.

A person with pseudogout may also have gout or another related disease. This often complicates diagnosis. Furthermore, some people may have large deposits of CPPD in certain joints and never experience the painful symptoms of pseudogout. Because of the possibility for overlap, a physician may also consider other causes of joint trouble, even when pseudogout has been diagnosed.

Pseudogout may be treated a number of ways depending upon the painfulness of attack. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen can be taken orally for moderate pain. Research suggests that daily use of NSAIDs may help prevent future outbreaks of pseudogout.