Psychotherapy is a widely used method for improving emotional or behavioral issues and treating mental illnesses. During psychotherapy, patients are encouraged to discuss their condition and any related issues with a mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist, psychologist or clinical social worker.

Psychotherapy is based on the theory that patients can improve their emotional well-being and mental health by talking about their concerns or problems with a therapist, who in turn can help them find better ways to cope, solve problems and set realistic goals for improvement.

Psychotherapy is used to treat various emotional disorders and mental illnesses including depression, anxiety disorders and eating disorders. In addition, psychotherapy can help people deal with difficult situations in their lives including divorce, the death of a loved one and chronic illness (e.g., cancer).

Common forms of psychotherapy used to treat emotional and mental health disorders include cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), psychodynamic psychotherapy and psychoanalysis.

Prior to psychotherapy, a psychotherapist will perform a mental health evaluation to assess the patient’s emotional and mental condition. At this time, the therapist will also discuss and determine the type, duration and goals of treatment with the patient.

Psychotherapy may be conducted in one-on-one sessions between a patient and a therapist or as part of group therapy. Therapy may also involve couples or family members meeting with a therapist. Although it is typically administered in an outpatient setting, psychotherapy may also be incorporated during inpatient psychiatric care or day treatment programs.

Therapy may be short term, lasting only a few weeks or months, or may last for longer periods of time. The duration of treatment generally depends on the patient's needs, the severity of the condition and the therapist’s recommendation.

Research shows that psychotherapy can effectively treat patients with depression and anxiety, including accompanying symptoms, such as fatigue and pain. In addition, research indicates that a person’s emotional and physical health and well-being are interconnected. Many people are treated with some form of psychotherapy in addition to medications.

In some cases, individuals are treated with a combination of psychotherapy and medications (called pharmacotherapy).