The only effective way to prevent an allergic reaction to ragweed is to avoid any contact with the allergen (avoidance). However, this can be difficult during periods of ragweed pollination. 

The amount of ragweed pollen in the air at any given time varies dramatically based on the time of the year, the temperature and the amount of rainfall. A good way to minimize exposure to ragweed pollen is to monitor the pollen count and modify behavior accordingly. Individuals with ragweed allergies should limit outdoor activities when the pollen count is high. Ragweed pollen levels tend to be highest in the morning, and on warm, dry, windy days.

Other steps people can take to cut down their exposure to ragweed pollen include:

• Use air conditioning, which cleans and dries out air. Also change the filter in the air conditioning unit often.
  
  
• Use air-filtering devices that can be added to heating or cooling systems, such as HEPA filtration.
  
  
• Keep home and car windows closed.
  
  
• Shower frequently to wash ragweed pollen from hair and skin.
  
  
• Try to avoid mowing the lawn, weeding or raking leaves, as these activities stir up pollen spores. Wear a special allergen-proof mask when you do engage in these activities.  
  
  
• Do not hang laundry outside. This allows ragweed pollen to collect on the fabric.

Ragweed allergy can also be treated with medication. Over-the-counter antihistamines can relieve sneezing, a runny nose and itchy, watery eyes. Nasal decongestants can reduce congestion. Patients with more severe ragweed allergies may require prescription medications, such as corticosteroid nasal sprays or mast cell stabilizers in the form of eye drops or nasal sprays.

Allergy shots (immunotherapy) may also be recommended. This treatment method helps prevent symptoms by increasing an individual’s tolerance to an allergen. Patients undergo a series of shots over a period of weeks, months or years with each shot containing more of the allergen to which the person is sensitive. Over time, the body’s immune system learns not to react to the presence of the allergen. However, these injections are not always successful in treating the ragweed allergy.