In some cases, spinal surgery may be unavoidable. Sudden injury or age-related changes in the back and spine may not be correctable by more conservative treatments such as physical therapy or manipulation therapy. For other people, spinal surgery is a treatment of last resort when other treatments for pain have failed. For many people, however, certain lifestyle considerations can help keep the spine healthy, including:

• Exercise. Regular exercise can help maintain the spine, joints and surrounding ligaments and muscles. Certain exercises (e.g., stretching, weight training, walking) may help reduce pain and spinal pressure while increasing strength and flexibility. 
  
  
• Proper body mechanics. How one performs everyday activities (e.g., sitting, standing, lifting, sleeping) can affect spinal health significantly. Proper body mechanics may reduce pain and the need for spinal surgery.
  
  
• Maintaining a healthy weight. Excess weight negatively affects the bones and joints of the spine and back area. Keeping weight at manageable levels may reduce the risk of spinal complications requiring surgery.
  
  
• Taking precautions against trauma pain. Practicing safety habits such as wearing seatbelts and not diving in shallow water can reduce the risk of injuries that may require spinal surgery.