Test Your Knowledge

Strep throat is an infection caused by group A streptococci bacteria. These bacteria can cause inflammation and infection in a variety of areas throughout the body, including the respiratory system, skin and vital organs.

A strep throat infection can be transmitted by kissing, coughing, sneezing or touching contaminated surfaces. Symptoms usually appear within five days of exposure to the bacteria and include a sore throat, fever, swollen neck glands and tonsils. Symptoms tend to begin suddenly and are usually more severe than those experienced with viral infections. Coughing and a runny nose are not signs of strep throat.

Most cases of strep throat occur in children between the ages of 5 and 15 years. Strep throat rarely occurs in infants and toddlers. Children who spend time in crowded environments (e.g., daycare facilities, school) or who live in northern areas of the United States face an increased risk of developing strep throat.

Parents who suspect their child has strep throat should consult their child’s pediatrician. A physical examination and medical history may be performed, although the only way to identify the presence of strep throat is with a throat culture and/or rapid strep test (test that is similar to a throat culture, except with faster results).

Children with strep throat are treated with antibiotics. This kills the bacteria that causes infection, limits the spread of infection to others, and prevents serious medical conditions that may occur if an untreated infection spreads throughout the body. Children remain contagious for at least a day after beginning treatment. While children are recuperating from infection, parents can help make recovery as comfortable as possible.

It may be impossible to completely avoid people carrying the bacteria that cause strep throat. Some people may carry the bacteria but never develop an infection themselves and will not display any symptoms. Perhaps the best way to prevent infection is to practice good hygiene (e.g., handwashing with soap and water). Replacing a child’s toothbrush after infections is a good way to prevent the recurrence of infection.