Swimmer’s ear is an infection of the outer ear (visible portion of the ear) and/or ear canal. It most often occurs due to bacterial infection. It is a common type of ear infection in both adults and children, although it tends to occur more often among teenagers and young adults.

Swimmer’s ear is associated with swimming, bathing or simply living in a humid or moist environment. Excess moisture can alter the balance of acid in the ear canal, allowing bacteria or fungi to multiply, leading to infection. In addition, the ear canal may be easily traumatized during cleaning with cotton-tipped swabs. Chemicals in shampoos, hair dyes and hairsprays that get into the ear can also foster the growth of bacteria.

The chief symptom associated with swimmer’s ear is severe pain. It is usually felt when a person touches or pulls on the outer, visible portion of the ear or pushes on the bump in front of the ear (tragus). In most cases, just one ear is involved.

Antibiotic medications (in the form of medicated ear drops) are used to treat swimmer’s ear in many cases. Other medications, both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC), may also be used. Patients should consult their physician before taking any type of medication, even OTC drugs.

Although swimmer’s ear cannot always be prevented, people can take several steps to reduce their likelihood of contracting this infection. Drying the ears after swimming or bathing is crucial to reducing the risk of swimmer’s ear. Swimming in pools and hot tubs with good chlorine and pH control can also significantly reduce the risk of contracting swimmer’s ear.